Ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is common clinically, particularly among women, but its prevalence among patients with at least moderate ischemia and the relationship between ischemia severity and non-obstructive atherosclerosis severity are unknown. The authors investigated predictors of INOCA in enrolled, nonrandomized participants in ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches), sex differences, and the relationship between ischemia and atherosclerosis in patients with INOCA.

Editors
Editor-in-Chief
Y.S. Chandrashekhar, MD, DM, FACC

CME Editor
Ragavendra R. Baliga, MD

Author
Ahmad M. Slim, MD, FACC

Important Dates
Date of Release: January 30, 2023
Term of Approval/Date of CME/MOC Expiration: January 29, 2024